Nano-hydroxyapatite (often shortened to nano-HA or nHAp) is the headline ingredient in a growing number of fluoride-free toothpastes. Here's what it actually is, what "nano" means, and how to tell how much is in the tube you're holding.
Hydroxyapatite: the mineral teeth are made of
Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate mineral. It's the main mineral that makes up tooth enamel, which is why you'll often see it described as "the same mineral your enamel is made of".
The hydroxyapatite in toothpaste is made in a lab, not mined or extracted from anything. That means it can be produced to a consistent particle size and purity, batch after batch.
What does "nano" mean?
"Nano" refers to particle size. Nano-hydroxyapatite particles are measured in nanometres (a nanometre is a millionth of a millimetre). The nano-hydroxyapatite in Flossy & Pure is rod-shaped, 20–40nm, and supplied by ENAMOON (Sethic, France).
You'll also see "micro" or "non-nano" hydroxyapatite on some labels, which uses larger particles. We've covered the difference in detail in Nano vs Non-Nano Hydroxyapatite: Does Particle Size Matter?
Why is it in toothpaste?
Nano-hydroxyapatite has been used in oral care for decades. It's a fluoride-free choice for people who want one, and in a toothpaste it leaves teeth feeling smooth and clean after brushing.
If you're weighing it up against fluoride, read Nano-Hydroxyapatite vs Fluoride: What the Research Actually Says. And if your dentist has recommended fluoride for you or your child, follow their advice.
Is nano-hydroxyapatite safe?
It's a common question, especially from parents. We've answered it in its own article: Is Nano-Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste Safe?
How much should a toothpaste contain?
Not every brand tells you. Some list hydroxyapatite in the ingredients without a percentage, so you can't compare one tube with another.
When you're shopping, look for:
- A stated percentage on the pack or the product page.
- Nano or non-nano, so you know which kind you're getting.
- Where it sits in the ingredient list. Ingredients are generally listed from highest to lowest amount, so something near the end is present in a small amount.
Ours: at Flossy & Pure, we use 3% nano-hydroxyapatite.
What else is in a nano-HA toothpaste?
That depends on the brand. For reference, the full Flossy & Pure list is: non-GMO glycerine, water, hydrated silica, non-GMO xylitol, xanthan gum, nano-hydroxyapatite, chicory root, potassium sorbate, creamy mint extract, L-arginine, non-GMO menthyl lactate and potassium chloride (mineral salt).
It's fluoride-free, SLS-free and essential-oil-free, with no titanium dioxide or artificial colours. There's more on what to leave out in Toothpaste Ingredients to Avoid for Kids.
Ready to choose one? Here's how the hydroxyapatite toothpastes sold in Australia compare.
The short version
Nano-hydroxyapatite is a lab-made version of the mineral enamel is made of, in very fine particles. It's a fluoride-free option for a smooth, clean feel. Check the percentage and the ingredient list before you buy.
Frequently asked questions
Is nano-hydroxyapatite natural?
Hydroxyapatite occurs naturally in teeth and bones. The nano-hydroxyapatite used in toothpaste is made in a lab so the particle size and purity are consistent.
Is nano-hydroxyapatite the same as fluoride?
No. They're different ingredients. Nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes are a fluoride-free choice.
Can the whole family use a nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste?
Flossy & Pure is suitable from first tooth to grandparents. Use a smear for under-3s and a pea-sized amount for 3–6 year olds, and supervise brushing until children can spit reliably.
Try it
Our Mild Mint nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste is 3% nano-HA, fluoride-free and SLS-free, made by an Oral Health Therapist. Sharing with the family? The Family 3-Pack is one tube for every bathroom.
Change your mind? Return it unopened within 30 days for a refund. Full terms.
Run a dental clinic? See our For Dental Clinics page for wholesale enquiries.
Flossy & Pure toothpaste is a cosmetic product and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.